Incorrect. The practice of quarrying architectural fragments from ancient structures well predates the Renaissance. While this practice may have inspired interest in Roman architecture, it did not impart an understanding of how to actually achieve classical design principles.

Incorrect. Andrea Palladio is an incredibly influential figure in the development of classical design, and the Four Books of Architecture has remained a critical text from its publication in 1570 to this day. However, Palladio’s work was inspired by an earlier author and was the effect rather than cause of renewed interest in classicism.

Correct! The Ten Books on Architecture were a formative text for Renaissance architects, and remain an important resource to this day. They provided tangible explanations of the concepts of proportion seen in Roman ruins, inspiring Renaissance architects to design informed classical buildings.

Correct! The Tuscan order has the simplest bed moldings of any order. The bed moldings are directly below the soffit.

Incorrect. The S-shaped cyma curve is the shape of the Tuscan crown molding. Recall that the term ‘cymatium’ is also used to refer to a crown molding.

Incorrect. Recall that the taenia is a narrow, projecting band found outside of the cornice – it separates the frieze from the architrave.

Incorrect. Remember that the ancient Greeks and Romans considered the Doric to be a ‘masculine’ order that therefore did not require a base.

Incorrect. It is true that the Greek Doric order never features a base. What about Roman and later versions of the Doric?

Correct! The Greek Doric order never has a base. However, the Roman Doric does sometimes feature a base, and the Renaissance and later treatises almost always use a base.

Incorrect. Modillions are not always featured as part of the Ionic order – sometimes dentils are used in their place – and furthermore are not always scrolled. You can learn more about modillions in the third video of this series.

Correct! Volutes (from Latin volute, ‘scroll’) are considered the basis of the Ionic order. However, it should be noted that volutes are also featured on the Composite order, and can be featured on the Corinthian order.

Incorrect. Recall that the taenia is a narrow, projecting band found outside of the cornice – it separates the frieze from the architrave.

Correct! The large fleuron, or flower, likely represents a hibiscus blossom. This version of the order is occasionally replicated in later design, such as the Haier Building in New York City.

Incorrect. The caulicoli are a common feature of the Corinthian order, and are not specific to the type found at the Temple of Vesta.

Incorrect. This motif is a defining feature of another important example of the Roman Corinthian order, but is not featured at the Temple of Vesta.

Incorrect. The Corinthian order is the order that was most favored by the Romans; consider the differences between the Corinthian and the Composite, and how this would impact their use.

Correct! The Composite order was used by the Romans for highly important structures. However, it is worth noting that the term ‘Composite order’ was not used until the Renaissance.

Incorrect. The Composite order was first created by the Romans.